| This influenced a new generation
of graphic designers and
contributed to the founding of several publications
such as Emigre magazine.
Another notable designer
of the latter 20th century is Milton Glaser. Over the
course of his long career, his creations have tended
to change from hard-edged Pop and psychedelic designs
to a softer, more expressionistic or naturalistic style.
Glaser's work includes the creation of many posters,
notably the iconic Bob Dylan silhouette (1966); book
and record covers; book illustrations; type; corporate
logos; interiors; and architectural projects.
One of his most famous designs is the
1976 "I Love New York " logo. He also used stylistic
motives the 60s and 70s.
In the last decade of the 20th century,
technology played an important role, but this time it
was the computer, and at first it was largely a step
backwards. Zuzana Licko worked very early using computers
for layout, in the days when computer memory was measured
in kilobytes and typefaces were created using dots rather
than lines. Together with her husband Rudy VanderLans
they founded the pioneering Emigre magazine and the
Emigre type foundry. They played with the extraordinary
limitations of computers as something which, in itself,
could provide creative freedom. Emigre magazine became
the bible for digital design as the
technology rapidly advanced to the point where the advantages
outweighed the disadvantages.
David Carson is, in a sense, the culmination
of the movement against the restrictiveness of modern
design -- some of his designs for Raygun magazine
which he designed are intentionally illegible, designed
to be visual rather than literary experiences. He began
his career working with paste-ups in the traditional
manner, but moved to computers quickly when he saw what
they had become capable of.
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